GMT-X

I have finally completed the design of my Gated Monolithic Tunneling (GMT). The design is more solid and look more feasible to me. Mother nature does not provide you with presents if your solution is not fine enough. Extracting the heat from an object actively without heating it requires very precise setup. The GMT moves beyond the Carnot Limit by acting as a Quantum Maxwell’s Demon. Maxwell's demon is a thought experiment that appears to disprove the second law of thermodynamics. It was proposed by the physicist James Clerk Maxwell in 1867. In his first letter, Maxwell referred to the entity as a "finite being" or a "being who can play a game of skill with the molecules". Lord Kelvin would later call it a "demon".

By gating the barriers at 10 GHz, the system transition from a passive system governed by classical statistics to an active system governed by selection. In this regime, efficiency is not a fixed ceiling dictated by temperature ratios, but a variable dictated by the precision of the layers and the minimization of fixed parasitic losses. The more intense the heat source, the closer the system approaches the Ideal Quantum Limit 100%.

In principle GMT only removes the heat excited electrons from the heat source. In order to reduce energy leaks from electrons interacting with phonons, GMT has phonon slowing layers. As a result, energetic electrons are removed from the source and accumulated on the collector with minimal interaction with phonon on their path. The phonon slowing layers would not work if the system operated continuously. GMT alters the electron accelerating field by only allowing the electrons to move for a short window of time. This timing is determined by the speed of phonons. Without phonon-slowing layers, the mean free path would necessitate sub-picosecond gating (THz frequencies). By introducing these barriers, we increase the phonon scattering time, allowing a 10 GHz (100ps) signal to effectively isolate electron transport. This window does not need to be precise. Any increase of the duration just increases the probability that electrons interact with the phonon and dramatically reduce the efficiency of the system. Interaction with the phonons is not the only source of energy source. Extended gating windows admit 'cold' electrons, which increases entropy and results in net heating. Precise 100ps pulses ensure only high-energy ballistic electrons contribute to the current, maintaining the cooling effect.

The final challenge of GMT was to apply an electric field to the system which had a bulky collector layer. This problem was solved by treating the system as a resonating system. Through a self-sustaining oscillation triggered by an external pulse and maintained by internal reflections at the collector, the GMT-X recycles the kinetic energy of the electrons to maintain the oscillation. In this regime, efficiency is no longer a fixed ceiling dictated by temperature ratios. As the intensity of the heat source increases, the fixed parasitic losses become negligible, allowing the system to scale toward an ideal quantum limit.

The final result was a quantum machine that converted the heat energy directly into electricity with only two terminals. Ground plate that is attached to the heat source and doubles as the negative pole of the electric generator and the collector (positive pole) which also double as the gate of the system.