Low Cost Stealth UAV

During disputes countries try to ramp up their military manufacturing capabilities with limited resources. I thought of a stealth UAV design that requires minimum export including the fuel. A liquid air powered plastic plane.

Liquid air when warmed to the ambient temperature expends 700 times from its liquid volume. This produces a rocket like thrust. Low temperature operation allows the fuselage and the wings of the plane to be made of clear HDPE plastic. Clear plastic filled with liquid air would be hard to identify from a distance. Combustion and propeller free propulsion allows silent operation. No heat signature on the exhaust and no radar reflection due to use of plastic. Liquid air cannot produce thrust for long time. The design of the plane would determine the range and speed of the plane. I propose eight flat wings to generate lift for the plane. The angle of attack would generate lift on the thin flat wings. The plane would be controlled by two ailerons placed on its back. The clear plastic fuselage and the fuel allow internal camera, RF and GPS antennas. Simple unibody design of the plane allows mass manufacturing using molds. HDPE becomes brittle at cryogenic temperatures. Therefore, the plane would need to be recycled and remolded again after several use. Liquid air leaves no residue hence the recycling wouldn’t require any chemicals.

The plane would take off by a small explosion inside the plane which would generate enough heat to expand enough liquid air to generate takeoff thrust. A tiny Li battery can be shorted for this purpose or a small charge can be fired.

Kamikaze version of the plane would be fueled by liquid air with higher oxygen concentration. Nitrogen would be still needed for stabilization. Once the plane reaches the target, a Li battery can be shorted to put the plane on fire or a small charge can be fired. Fuselage made of HDPE and liquid air would leave no contamination on the target zone after the fire.

Mineral Exploration Using Rovers

Mars Rovers over the decades have explored the surface of the red planet and supplied valuable information to earth. These robots are a kind of moving lab. They are light weight, reliable and operate with renewable energy supplies. An ideal autonomous mine explorer in the wild.

Mars Rovers, because of their use cases have demanding requirements which make them very expensive. However, a mineral explorer on earth wouldn’t have most of these requirements and therefore can be made much cheaper. More importantly mineral explorers would be mass produced unlike Mars explorers.

The light weight and sturdy design of the rovers allow them to be deployed by drones to remote locations. Unlike space rovers, the ones operating on earth can be supported by mobile telecom relays for high-speed communication. Allowing them to explore caves as well. Additionally, mobile renewable energy generators can be installed in the exploration zone to enable operation even in winter or at night.

Mineral exploration would increase the usage of the rovers and create a market for them. Which would attract high-tech companies to develop technologies for them. These technologies would then be transferred to space exploration.

The objective is to establish a two way now how transfer between deep space exploration and mineral exploration.

Construction on Mercury

When I saw the high Magnesium region on Mercury, the idea appeared on my mind. Using Magnesium and Silicon to construct on Mercury. The high Magnesium region has high magnesium and silicon concentration.

The melting point of Magnesium is 650 °C and the boiling point is 1091 °C.

The melting point of Silicon is 1,414 °C and the boiling point is 3265 °C.

The maximum temperature measured on the surface of Mercury is 430 °C.

These values indicate a straightforward approach to separate Magnesium from the ground and process it. The construction robot send to Mercury would be made of highly reflective material to stay cool from the heat of the sun. Due to lack of atmosphere, the places in shadow would stay cool. The construction robot would first find magnesium deposits with minimal impurities. Then using a special hot wire cutter, the robot would cut away a chunk of Magnesium. This process would be conducted when the sun is shining strong. The heat would already soften the low melting Magnesium. The wire cutter does not need to reach very high temperatures to cut away a Magnesium chunk.

The cut away chunk would then be shaped using the concentrated solar rays. Much stronger solar rays on Mercury compared to Earth would do the job quickly. The shaped parts would then be melted on the edges and merged.

Magnesium is a light weight and strong material. Very low concentrations of humidity and oxygen on Mercury would keep the material strong for a long duration.

The silicon deposits on the surface would also be processed like that to create glasses and insulators.

Non mechanical cut away and shaping process would allow a light weight and long-lasting construction compared to using drill bits and cutting wheels that would wear out quickly on other planets and moons.

By delegating the high energy part of a construction to the sun, a much simpler and low powered robot can be utilized for the construction. Which would mean low weight payload for the mission that would increase the feasibility of the idea.

Altitude Compensated Nozzle

The function of a rocket engine nozzle is to expand the hot engine exhaust gases down to ambient pressure, transforming thermal energy to directed kinetic energy in order to produce thrust. As the rocket ascents to the space the air pressure decreases. As a result, the exhaust gasses overexpand, reducing the effective thrust of the rocket. In order to compensate for the changing ambient pressure, the nozzle need to increase its expansion area.

I thought of a solution which may not work but comparably easy to implement. For the solid booster rocket I proposed earlier, the nozzle does not need to have propellent heat exchangers attached on it. This simplifies the design. A nozzle made of high temperature resistant tungsten alloy would be enough. I propose the nozzle to have multiple sections stacked on top of each other. These stacks will hold in place with a low melting metal such as aluminum alloy. Tungsten is not a good conductor of heat compared to aluminum. As the nozzle heats up, each low melting section will melt away and drop the next nozzle section into place. The thickness of the nozzle section holders would be altered to achieve the adequate delay between each nozzle section drop.

This would be a light weight and zero mechanics solution to altitude compensated nozzle design for solid boosters.

Solid Booster Revisited

I had previously proposed a deep space propulsion system. I improved the design so that it can be used both on the first and the second stages of a rocket as well.

The solid booster would be composed of three sections.

The booster section where the solid propellent is burned and the thrust is generated. This section needs to withstand high temperature and pressure.

The transfer section where the stacked solid propellant is transferred to the booster section. This section should have enough opening to allow the booster section doors to open. This section needs to withstand moderately high temperatures and pressures because the new propellant block needs to be transferred to the booster section while it is still hot and has some pressure.

The storage section where the stacked propellant is stored. This section has no particular temperature and pressure requirement.

The solid booster will fire when the storage section is full and the booster section is loaded with a propellant block. Once the solid propellant inside the booster section is consumed, the booster section doors will open. Then the release latch will be opened to release a propellant block into the booster section. After that the booster section doors will close and the rocket will be fired once more. Finally, the release latch will be closed and the holder latch will be opened to allow the remaining blocks to slide down.

The solid propellant blocks will be molded inside a plastic shell like HDPE. This will allow them to slide down more easily and prevent cracks to the solid blocks. HDPE burns out completely into carbon dioxide and water vapor which would contribute to thrust as well. The solid blocks will have different grain geometries and height to suit to the thrust need. The initially fired block will be optimized for high peak thrust and short burn time to allow takeoff. As the rocket gets lighter, the grain geometry will allow more burn time and lower peak thrust.

The solid boosters require strong shells that are heavy. By shrinking the booster section, the weight saving would be high. Additionally, as the propellent is consumed inside the booster, the thrust goes down due to increased combustion volume due to the void of the consumed fuel. Burning propellant in sections and keeping the combustion volume small increases the efficiency of the rocket.

Few Words on Nuclear Batteries

Space exploration such as Moon, Mars and beyond require many years of planning and consume millions. In the last decades private space explorations increased. They have one major drawback, access to high energy nuclear batteries. Seeing such missions fail because the solar panel was blocked is unacceptable. High efficiency high power nuclear batteries use Plutonium or similar weapon grade radioactive material. As a result, such research should be restricted only to government agencies. I propose the government agencies to keep developing high power nuclear batteries to serve as a solid backup or as a major energy source for deep space missions. It would be nice if these batteries would have standardized dimensions. When a nuclear battery is developed, a test model of it running on chemical batteries should also be developed. This would enable the private companies to develop their designs and test them safely. Once the design is finalized, the nuclear battery would be brought by the government officials and mounted on the device. The officials would also guard the final design until the launch day.

A Novel Space Telescope

While developing the idea for a solar relay for the Mercury explorer, I recognized the multipurpose nature of the solid propellant blocks container. It could be used as a space telescope once all the booster blocks are consumed. The design of the deep space propulsion 2 can be enhanced to be used as a LEO space telescope. Complementing Hubble telescope.

This idea requires the first stage of the rocket to function as a Kármán line lifter only. As a result, the second stage of the rocket doesn’t need to be very aerodynamic. The second stage of the rocket would be the modified version of the deep space propulsion 2. It would have a large solid propellent blocks container on top and a single solid booster shell with a gimbled nozzle at the bottom. Once the rocket reaches the vacuum and the first stage separates, the second stage’s first solid booster block would be fired. As the boosters are consumed, new ones will be loaded from the container tank. This would generate stepped thrusts however it would reduce the need for large and complex liquid propulsion rocket. When all the solid blocks are consumed, the rocket stage should be very close to its orbiting speed and altitude. Then the solid booster shell with its attached nozzle will be released on to Earth with a trajectory towards the Nemo point. The space telescope will then activate a small gas propulsion engine for detailed maneuvering. The front lens of the telescope will extend through the void created by the booster blocks. Finally, the solar panels and antennas will also be extended to complete the telescope transformation.

The advantage of this idea is the reduction of weight compared to classical space telescopes. Which would reduce the deployment cost of such scientific equipment to LEO.

Mercury Explorer

Lagrangian Solar Relays, I discussed earlier will allow continuous communication with a specially deployed surface explorer. The idea is to maintain a certain travel speed so that the explorer would keep line of sight with at least one relay. Mercury’s slow rotation around its axis lowers the required speed to around 3 km per hour for the equator of Mercury. This speed gets even lower if traveled towards the poles.

There is practically no atmosphere on Mercury. As a result, its surface temperature varies between +430 to -180 degrees Celsius. My proposition of exploration point will be such that the explorer will maintain line of sight with a solar relay and have weak solar rays shining on it. This would reduce the negative impact of hazardous solar rays on the explorer. However, the explorer will receive just enough solar ray to power the mechanics of the robot. From an external observer it would look like the explorer is stationery and Mercury is rotating beneath it.

The explorer will be deployed on the surface of Mercury using the deep space propulsion 2, I proposed earlier. The explorer will have legs to allow it go over difficult terrain. These legs will also help the explorer safely land on the surface. The legs will be powered by the solar panels. But most of the electronics will be powered by a nuclear battery. This setup will form a failsafe mechanism by eliminating a chemical backup battery. The explorer will collect samples from the surface and analyze them using the onboard mini lab. It will also transmit live video streams.

The explorer’s route can be modified to cover parts of the polar region as long as they have line of sight with the relays and the sun. Depending on the size of the explorer, it may carry a smaller explorer on board that operates with a nuclear battery to explore shadow regions in close proximity.

Lagrangian Solar Relays & Telescopes

I had many times stated the advantages of exploring the solar system that is closest to the sun first. Now I thought of a way to explore Mercury. The prerequisite of this mission is the relay satellites to be placed on the Lagrange points L4 and L5 between the Sun and Mercury. These satellites will double as space telescopes as well.

My proposition is to send a Mercury explorer which would collect data from the surface of the planet year long. In order to maintain high connectivity window with the explorer, relay satellites are necessary. It is much easier to send two satellites at the orbitally stable Lagrange points of Mercury and the Sun compared to sending low orbit satellites which would require many of them to maintain continuous reception. Additionally, Lagrangian satellites require much less orbital speed than low orbit counterparts. More importantly they would double as stereoscopic telescopes observing the sun.

These satellites would be put to orbit using the deep space propulsion 2 design I proposed earlier. Another advantage of this propulsion system is its hollow tank used for storing the solid propellant blocks. Once the satellite is at the Lagrange Point, the solid booster and its nozzle would be ejected. Then, the retracted telescope lens inside the empty tank would be extended to form a space telescope with telecom relay. The explosion of the propellent will happen inside the booster shell, therefore the storage tank will have no contamination.

The satellites will be powered by nuclear batteries. The reason is close proximity to the sun. Solar wind and storms would dislocate the satellite if it has a large cross section which would be the case with large solar panels. This strategy would reduce the valuable ion propulsion gas consumption and extend the life of the satellite.

Deep Space Propulsion 2

I thought over my deep space propulsion design and came up with a much better solution. I want to repeat that this propulsion design is not for the first or the second stage of a rocket but the final stage of a rocket to be used on complex trajectory high energy missions. I will be utilizing it on my next article.

The idea is to have a solid booster shell with a gimbled nozzle where the solid propellent is loaded from the opposite end like the loading of the guns. Together with the nozzle it will look like a shorter version of an anti-aircraft gun used by the navy. The magazine bay will house solid propellent blocks. These blocks will be loaded automatically to the solid booster shell and the back cover will be closed and the rocket will be fired. The objective is to achieve reliable high thrust in short duration. The missions approaching the sun would have difficulty keeping the cryogenic propellent cool enough. Additionally, for small rocket stages, the size of the liquid propulsion system would be considerable compared to the propellant tanks. For small maneuvers, ion thrusters would be utilized besides this high thrust staged booster. Therefore, short burn time of a solid booster is not a problem. Multiple solid propellant blocks would allow the multiple burns required for complex deep space missions. The propellant block sizes would be altered to best fit the burn requirements of the mission. Finally, staged solid booster propulsion would be a much reliable and simple solution compared to liquid propulsion alternatives for high energy complex trajectory space missions as a final stage of a rocket.

Metric Snooker

For the past few years, I am following the snooker tournaments. The tournament only nature of the competition and the limitations of income for many players made me think of ways to improve the British snooker.

My initial change came as the dimensional change to the snooker table and the balls to make them metric. Metric snooker will be played in leagues. Each league will have 16 players. The games will begin on January and end on December. There will be four seasons within the year. Each season will start with a league phase. Where each player will play against the rest of the players once. The game will be played for 3 frames. Each frame will have monetary and point value for the player. Within two weeks, each player will play 15 matches. This phase will allow each player to earn at least some money and the points earned will be used to determine the rankings. The next two weeks will be a tournament time. Each player’s opponent will be determined by the rankings from the previous two weeks. During the tournament every frame won will have a monetary value. The winner of each phase will get extra bonus. The objective is to encourage players to fight till the end. Because with classical snooker, looser on decider or white washed gets the same money which is not fair. After the tournament, there will be another two weeks of league play. The points earned during these two weeks will affect the ranking of the next tournament.  These small tournaments rankings will be reset after the tournament. However, there will be a seasonal ranking which will keep accumulating. After two months, the players would have played two league phases and two tournaments. During the third month the players will play a major tournament. Each player’s opponent will be determined by the total rankings from the previous two months. This tournament will be played over higher frame count and have higher monetary award. At the end of this major tournament, season champion will be determined. This three-month cycle will repeat four more times to complete the year. At the end of the year the overall champion will be awarded. Additionally, the last four at the rankings will be sent to the sub league and the top four players from the sub league will be a part of the upper league for the next season.

The metric snooker will be played over a robotic table. The balls will be placed using auto grabber (The grabber will hide inside the side panels when not in use.). Each ball's position will be known by the robotic table. Therefore, at any time the balls would be perfectly repositioned by the robot. There will be no referee on the table but a VAR system will be used. Every shot of the game will be saved with the exact location of each ball. This know how will be used during the training of the player. For example, during training, the player will ask the table to reposition the balls to a position where the player missed during the game so that he or she can retry the exact shot. It's metric snooker version of the chess notation system to record the moves of the pieces. More importantly this technology will allow the players to practice alone and improve their weaknesses. The objective is to minimize the gap between the players to have a more challenging competition.

The games will be played in a small venue where each sit will have a table on its front. So that the audience can eat and drink during the event. It will be like a bar with a dome and two snooker tables in the middle. The snooker tables will be surrounded by protective glass and sound deadeners, to allow the audience to entertain freely without disturbing the players. The player section will be air conditioned to maintain a certain humidity which affects potting. Continuous matches throughout the year will keep the venue busy all year long.

The top two floors of the venue will have flats for 16 players. This will allow the players to sleep or relax between intense weekly schedules. Additionally, it will guarantee an accommodation for the foreign players.

Hop On Hop Off

There are many projects on asteroid mining. I am not a fan of those ideas. However, I propose a similar idea to explore the rings of Saturn up close. The idea is to travel among the particles by continuously refueling the propellent from the ice on the particles in orbit with the planet.

A preliminary mission would be deployed before the Saturn Ring Explorer. The objective of that mission would be to explore the particles making up the ring in detail to draw a mission route for the Ring Explorer.

Saturn Ring Explorer will be tumbler shaped and bottom heavy to allow it to land and takeoff multiple times from rough surfaces. It will use liquid hydrogen and oxygen as the propellant. It will also have a nuclear battery to power its electronics and electrolyze the ice to produce propellant. The refueling will allow the explorer to travel among the closely spaced particles composing the ring. The very cold temperatures on the rings would liquify the oxygen without the need for a compressor. However, the hydrogen may need further processing.

The electrolysis unit and the sample analyzer will be on the bottom of the Explorer. Therefore, once the Explorer lands on an icy particle it will analyze its surroundings. The top of the explorer will have a 360-degree camera for area surveying. The Explorer will also use some of its propellant to navigate on large particles before moving on to the neighboring particle.

The idea is to convert a low power and high duration energy source to a high-power low duration energy source such as rocket propellant. This would allow an explorer to continuously navigate over close distances such as the particles of the Saturn’s rings.

On Politics

I don’t like talking on politics, but my ideas can be very well inspire better politicians to form their roadmap. I am always in favor of peace and win-win strategies. The local or global disputes may increase the income of several industries, but dramatically reduce the rest. Additionally, the disputes increase income inequalities which results in inefficient use of country’s resources.

My ideas on local manufacturing systems, landfill recycling technologies and renewable energy facilities allow effective win-win strategies for the countries. These strategies rely on the development of economically implementable original solutions. Let me explain it with an example.

Once a machine is developed to solve one of the problems I mentioned above by Country A, they will not be sold directly to Country B. Instead, Country A will offer Country B to establish facilities to manufacture them. Increasing the manufacturing capacity locally to be able to export would require costly credits. On the other hand, establishing a facility on Country B can be financed relatively cheaply by the Country B’s resources. Especially, if the Country B is a developed nation. Developing technologies for the benefit of society and making it available worldwide would increase the popularity of Country A. Increasing the employment on Country B has additional bonus. Such positive perception would enforce Country B to change its one-sided strategies against Country A as well. One important benefit of this strategy to Country A is it would make the country an industrial giant with worldwide manufacturing capability. Such power can be accomplished without needing to build giant factories locally, export energy and raw materials to manufacture them and pollute your own country in the meanwhile. Even a low population country can be an industrial power.

Win-win strategy is like a negative feedback system. Negative feedback reduces the output of a system but improves its stability and quality of the output. On the other hand, no or positive feedback systems would yield much higher output with higher distortion and instability which usually results in oscillations and eventual destruction of the system. At the moment global economies experience oscillations due to lack of win-win strategies. Develop and implement strategies to grow the global market, instead of trying to increase your own share with the expense of reducing the overall market. Exporting can only be sustained as long as the importing country has a solid economy.

Deep Space Propulsion

High energy space missions are much complicated and are not discussed much in terms of rocket designs. I would like to propose a propulsion design for deep space missions. Such as Jupiter and Saturn probes. These missions require third stage rockets that can generate thrust with multiple burns and the duration between the burns would be in terms of months. Liquid propulsion engines are used for this purpose. They are quite complicated and require pressurized tanks which add weight. My proposition is to use a specially designed solid booster.

The solid boosters utilize solidified propellent. I propose the development of putty like propellent that doesn’t dry. The objective is to mechanically remove some of this putty by a rotating disk’s hollow section and bring it to the confined combustion zone to be fired. This isolates the propellant from the combustion zone. A light weight disk above the propellant would push it towards the disk’s hollow section. This is achieved by the inertia generated after each burn. As a result, very high thrust would be generated in pulses on demand. Solid propellants are more energy dense per volume compared to liquid counterparts. This is important for the restricted dimensions of deep space probes. Simplified design reduces failure rate which is important for missions that take years.

The design can be improved mechanically. The idea is to burn a solid propellant in small pieces on demand.

Looking at the Big Picture

The objective of a rocket engine is to apply acceleration by expelling burned gas with high velocity and thereby move the rocket due to the conservation of momentum. When each section of a rocket designed independently, this big picture is lost. The latest successful rocket engines vaporize the liquid propellent using the heat exchange over the hot parts of the engine then burn it to run the turbopump that pushes the gaseous propellent to pre-burner which heats it up to auto ignition temperature by burning some of it. Finally, hot propellent is burned in the combustion chamber and exhausted from the rocket via the nozzle. Highly pressured burned gas if directly ejected would expend dramatically on reaching the low pressure outside. The gases moving horizontally wouldn’t contribute to the vertical momentum of the rocket. That’s why large bell-shaped nozzles are used to equalize the pressure and align the gasses movement with the rocket’s direction.

The single nozzle design I had proposed earlier is a radical design that may never work. But the idea behind is, to increase the heat exchange surface for the propellent to reach auto ignition temperature with the need for a pre burner. More importantly allow more time for the fuel to burn along the long thin combustion chamber. Current combustion chambers are spherical and require very high pressure to increase the burn efficiency because the fuel does not have much time to burn properly. On the other hand, long tubular combustion chamber would have much lower pressure on the upper combustion zone, but would be much longer and give the fuel more time to burn completely. This lower pressure but efficient burning design will reduce the size of the nozzle which gets very big for the vacuum.

I am trying to push with extreme ideas to inspire people to think outside of the box. We have ambition to go to Mars and beyond, yet we couldn’t come up with a radical design change for the rocket.

Actions Against The Pollutions

People and therefore countries are getting more conscious about the pollutions we produce. Actions to reduce pollutions are increasing every day. I have some comments on the them, starting with the electrification movement for the vehicles to reduce carbon emission. The major effort is put on private vehicles. It’s a kind of luxury in my point of view. Production of electric cars, especially their batteries are not environment friendly. Therefore, the decision on which vehicles should be electrified first should be well thought. In order to minimize the carbon emission, I propose the public service vehicles and the construction machinery to be electrified first. When you look at the number of private electric cars manufactured in Europe over the years, the whole public utility vehicles could have been electrified by now. Public utility vehicles (busses and trucks) and construction machinery on the average operate for much longer hours compared to private cars. Therefore, they would have saved more carbon emission compared to private cars. When you pollute the environment to manufacture a battery, at least use it on vehicles that would have reduced more carbon emission. Additionally, most public utility vehicles operate on small distances and have dedicated garages to allow frequent charging. Therefore, with the battery capacity of a private car, multiple public utility vehicles could have been electrified.

When it comes to construction, the advantages increase further. Most construction sites within a city already have electric infrastructure available during construction. These electric infrastructures can easily power electrified construction machinery. The construction machinery, especially the ones working within the city, operate in a confined space. Most of these construction machines are not allowed to travel within the streets and are transported to construction site over a truck. As a result, they can be powered directly from the power line at the construction site, negating the need for a high-capacity battery. Additionally, the pollution is not limited to air. The noise pollution is also a major problem of the metropolitan cities. The construction sites are usually surrounded by close proximity apartments where the noise is amplified by the tall buildings. Electrifying the construction machinery would make them much more silent compared to the diesel-powered counterparts. Electrifying the machinery also allows cable-based arm and bucket control which negates the need for noise hydraulic pumps. Making the machines even more silent.

Single Nozzle Rocket

This idea is an extreme thought on the rocket engine design. For a rocket that uses cryogenic propellent, the propellent need to be heated and converted to gas before being used by the turbopump and the combustion chamber. This is usually done using the heat exchangers mounted over the rocket’s bell-shaped nozzle and the combustion chamber. I thought of using a rocket long tubular combustion chamber. This tubular form will be surrounded by an insulated tubular structure where the propellent passes through. One side with the fuel and the other with the LOX. LOX is consumed more. Therefore, it will not be a 50-50 division.

The tubular combustion chamber will be covered inside by solid booster propellent. This will be a thin coating. The objective is to fire the solid propellent to heat the combustion chamber and the liquid propellent to start the liquid rocket engine. The propellent touching the combustion chamber will be isolated from the rest of the propellent to limit the heat exchange to the propellent pumped to the injectors only. Some of the heated propellent will be diverted to the turbopumps to run it. The turbopumps will be cooled by the propellent they are pumping.

Hopefully, this design will simplify the propellent heating scheme and improve the heat exchange. Additionally, long tubular combustion chamber will improve the efficiency of the engine as well.

The heat exchange between the combustion tube and the propellent will be determined by the thermal conductivity of the combustion tube. Therefore, a special alloy or laminated structure should be utilized. One final advantage of this design is the removal of heat exchangers from the rocket’s bell-shaped nozzle. This will allow altitude compensating nozzles that increase the efficiency of the rocket.

Dr. Fu Manchu vs Dr. No vs Dr. Knock

The Doctor Trilogy.

Dr. Fu Manchu is a supervillain who was introduced in a series of novels by the English author Sax Rohmer beginning shortly before World War I and continuing for another forty years. I know this character from the Peter Seller's final movie "The Fiendish Plot of Dr. Fu Manchu". Due to the comedy nature of the movie, the villain was not that supervillain.

Dr. No on the other hand is the bad guy among the other three. Even though he is not a supervillain compared to the rest of the bad guys in James Bond series, he has a special place as the very first villain of the Bond series. Unlike the other three, his role in the movie is surpassed by Sean Connery and beautiful Ursula Andress.

Dr. Knock is the only medical doctor among the three and he is not a villain like the other two. His intelligence would be easily compete with the rest. I watched the 1951 version of the movie where Louis Jouvet shines in his role. If a hospital owner had seen this movie, he/she would have highly recommended it to the doctors of the hospital to increase the profitability.

When put side by side, the faces have something in common. Just a sweet dose of intelligence, vigilance, self confidence and egoism.

Alternative Rocket Takeoff

The rocket’s require maximum thrust at takeoff when they are the heaviest. This increases their engine count which is the most expensive part of a rocket. An alternative approach to vertical takeoff would be to liftoff like a plane. This requires wings to be added on the rocket shell which induces drag and weight. However, all these can be solved easily.

I propose rocket wings made of the same material as the rocket shell but strengthened by carbon fiber fabric. As a result, the wings can be easily welded on the rocket. I also propose the wings to be thin flat surfaces. Angle of attack would create the lift, therefore no need for a complex wing design. The wings would be stacked by three and form a wing group. There would be four of these groups supporting the rocket’s weight. This design would generate the maximum lift with minimum drag. The wings would have vertical supports connecting them together. These supports would also double as vertical stabilizers of a plane. The weight of the wings would be compensated by the eliminated engines.

The rocket would be assembled in a hangar where it would be pooled by a flatcar over a rail. I propose the rocket to be launched from this flat car which would be accelerated over a track. The flatcar would also be pooled rapidly during launch like the aircraft catapult, contributing positive to the takeoff thrust. The rocket would be placed on the flatcar such that the wings would have an angle of attack to generate lift.

The trajectory of the rocket should be altered, compared to the traditional rockets, such that the lift generated by the wings surpass the drag induced. Unlike the engines which generate thrust on takeoff and then turned off to control the acceleration which just adds weight to the rocket; wings continue generating lift from the beginning till the end without consuming propellent.

The wings also help to slow down and improve the stability of the first stage of the rocket during its return to base trip. This is a better solution compared to the folded stabilizers used during landing. The rocket would land vertically like the other reusable rockets do.

Hydrogen Powered Rocket

Liquid hydrogen and oxygen powered rocket is a dream of zero emission space enthusiasts. Ariane 6 has such engines that work with liquid hydrogen and oxygen. However, the rocket utilizes at least two solid boosters during takeoff. The hydrogen powered engines alone do not produce enough thrust to lift the rocket from the ground.

I am in favor of multi-staged rocket design where the first stage simply takes the rest of the stages above the Kármán line. As a result, the rest of the stages accelerate only in vacuum without any air drag. Horizontal only displacement of the first stage simplifies the first stage recovery on the launch platform. Very slow acceleration toward the Kármán line reduces the drag on the rocket. Therefore, allowing large diameter rockets to be build. At the moment all space rockets have high aspect ratio with a narrow base. The design I propose has a very large diameter and short height. The problem with hydrogen is its low density. In order to make such rockets feasible the fuel tanks should have very low weight. Doubling the diameter of a tank doubles its weight, but quadruples its volume.

For the casing of the rocket, I propose a thin sheet of magnesium covered with carbon fiber fabric then filled with magnesium inside a sliding mold. An old shipyard can be modified to construct such a rocket. The idea is to use molten magnesium instead of epoxy used in carbon fiber parts. This would allow a light weight and strong unibody rocket stage to be build. Magnesium is very strong, light and melts at relatively low temperatures. Sliding molds used in concrete buildings can be adapted.

Large base diameter of the rocket would also allow more engines to be placed on its bottom. Allowing the rocket to achieve enough thrust on takeoff without requiring solid boosters. Large diameter of the rocket also allows large diameter payload bay. Therefore, large telescopes or space modules can be deployed to orbit. Additionally, the satellites wouldn’t need folding mechanisms to reduce their volume to fit narrow payload bays.

Update on the Wind Concentrator

I had previously proposed a wind turbine with spherical wind concentrator. While I was thinking about the idea further, I recognized a problem. The air is less dense at higher altitude. Therefore, a wind hitting a wall would have more tendency to raise up instead of going down. As a result, the wind concentrator would converge the wind towards its top section not on its bottom. The wind turbine would need to be placed on top of the sphere. This would make the structure top heavy and increase its construction cost as well as maintenance cost. However, compared to traditional wind turbines, it is still easier to install a horizontal turbine which is supported in all directions.

I had also proposed a variant of these turbines that are only used as a kinetic energy source. The wind turbine on the top of the sphere would be designed to generate compressed air. The compressed air would then be directed towards the bottom via channels inside the spherical support structure. Then the machines on the ground would be driven by high pressure pneumatic systems.

Blinds of Venus

While I was thinking about the balloon Venus explorer I had proposed earlier, I recognized how susceptible its thin walls would be against the dust storms of Venus. My other alternative explorers utilized multiple wings to increase the lift and strengthen the high aspect ratio wings. I thought about a more compact version of these multi-wings. Window blinds inspired me. When they are rotated, they would align to form a thin wall.

My new Venus explorer would have window blind like high aspect ratio wings made of titanium for light weight and high temperature resistance. When the explorer is released from the rocket stage that is approaching Venus, the blinds would be rotated to form a kind of solar sail. The solar wind would be utilized to slow down the explorer during its descent to Venus. As the explorer approaches Venus atmosphere, it would rotate back to form a multi-wing. This would allow the atmosphere to create lift to counteract the gravity and reduce its descent speed.

The thin titanium plates will allow it to curl. Independently rotatable right and left side of the blind will allow the explorer to maneuver. Unlike window blinds that use cables to control blind rotation, Venus explorer will utilize solid carbon nanotube rods. This will keep the spacing between the wings constant and increase its rigidity.

Venus explorer will have no active propulsion but utilize the winds of Venus to navigate like a glider. The electronics and the actuators will be powered by nuclear battery. This will make the explorer lighter and more compact compared to mechanical systems attached on it. The battery will also actively cool the electronics which would be made of Silicon Carbide. Due to low power on board. This explorer will only be able to communicate with a Venus orbiting relay satellite to communicate with Earth.

Liquid Nitrogen Fire Fighter

I had come up with many firefighting system proposals. They mainly relied on dropping dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) over the fire. After developing some ideas on liquid air, I thought of a new alternative to dry ice. It is the liquid nitrogen. Liquid nitrogen has a high capacity for heat absorption while rapidly vaporizing. It has the potential to lower the temperature of the combustion region and therefore weaken the flame. Additionally, liquid nitrogen displaces oxygen, which suffocates fires.

The most important advantage of liquid nitrogen is its abundance in the atmosphere and relative ease of liquefying it. The liquid air powered plane I had proposed earlier can work with liquid nitrogen without any modification. As a result, a plane which is simply a flying liquid nitrogen tanker can be used as a firefighting plane. As the plane approaches the fire zone, it would release some of its liquid nitrogen over the fire.

The wind concentrators that use wind power to liquify the air can be modified to liquify nitrogen and oxygen separately. The liquid nitrogen would be both used as a firefighter plane fuel and as a fire extinguisher. The liquid oxygen would be send to facilities where it is consumed. The advantage of this setup is the flexibility of the deployment. These wind-based gas liquefiers can be installed on places close to the fire potential areas. As a result, the wild fires and big city fires can be extinguished by renewable energy with no environmental hazard.

Liquid Air Plane Boarding Procedure

The VTOL planes allow fast boarding on specially designed airports. I want to detail it for the airport I proposed earlier.

VTOL plane will land on a dedicated landing pad inside the airport. VTOL plane will not have landing gear. Instead, they will rely on large cushions on the landing pads which support their fuselage from the front till the back. Only the cargo bay section will not be supported which will be used to load and unload the luggage.

Once the VTOL lands, a ramp will be extended to the door of the plane. This ramp will lead the passengers to one level below. Simultaneously, the doors beneath the cargo bay of the plane will open and allow autonomous trailers raised arms to retrieve the luggage inside the plane. The trailers arms will then lower the luggage which are grouped by caged cars. Then, the passengers will retrieve their luggage from the caged cars.

When boarding the plane, the procedure will be in reverse. The passengers will enter the airport from the lower section and place their luggage to the caged cars with the help of the airport personal. The trailers which carry the containers will only align the containers to the plane’s cargo bay and once aligned raise the cages inside the plane to be locked in place. Therefore, from the start till the end, the luggage will not experience any abuse and will have zero chance of being lost. Additionally, no time is wasted on luggage retrieval after landing. This also allows a much compact airport with 3d space utilization.

The Airport of Liquid Air Plane

Silent, zero emission and VTOL character of the liquid air powered plane allows a revolutionary airport design. The airport I propose will be a combination of a stadium and the wind concentrator I had proposed earlier. It will be a rectangular structure with concave tall walls. The concave walls will concentrate the wind towards the bottom wind turbines and the air liquefiers. Depending on the wind direction, related side of the building will generate power and liquefied air.

The VTOL design of the planes will allow multiple planes to land and take off from a small space. There will be dedicated landing places for each plane. This will allow automatic deployment of plane boarding tunnels and liquid air pumping mechanisms. Airport's fuel (liquid air) productions capability and autonomous servicing will reduce its operational cost and labor dependency. The liquid air requires the water inside the air to be removed. The water extracted from the air will be used in the airport facilities, reducing external water supply.

The thrusters of the plane emit ambient temperature air. Due to lack of combustion the thrusters will work very silent. These two features allow the airport to be placed close to the city center. VTOL requires a very small landing space. Therefore, a stadium sized empty space is enough for these airports to be build. This makes it very advantageous for short distance flights where accessing the airport takes more time than the flight itself. The airport will also have a fast-boarding procedure. I will discuss it on my next article.

Details of Liquid Air Plane

I would like to detail the liquid air powered plane I proposed earlier. After thinking further on the idea, I made some changes. Due to VTOL design of the plane, it requires maximum thrust on takeoff when it is the heaviest. In order to achieve maximum thrust from the liquid air propulsion, the liquid air in the propulsion reservoir should be heated quickly to the ambient temperature. I thought of using the aluminum fuselage of the plane as a giant thermal coupler to heat the reservoir fast.

In order to keep the weight of the plane low and still have high thermal conductive fuselage, I thought of using highly insulated liquid air tanks strengthened by the aluminum shell of the plane. Insulator layers would thermally shield the liquid air and the aluminum shell would strengthen the tank under pressure. Normally stainless-steel outer shell is used for cryogenic tanks while steel has poor heat conductivity. However, using steel would reduce the thermal coupling capacity of the plane. So, it’s a tradeoff.

The plane would have 4 gas thrusters used for propulsion instead of 16 I had proposed earlier. These thrusters will rotate up to 90 degrees with the wings around them. This would yield a lighter and more robust rotatable propulsion system. The wings and the thruster will not be connected to each other and they will be independently supported. The thrusters will have a pneumatically controlled aperture to control the thrust. The exhaust nozzle diameter will also be adjustable to match outside air pressure to achieve maximum thrust. The cold gas propulsion allows such mechanics compared to the hot nozzles of a rocket.

There will be two liquid air tanks on the plane. The front one will supply air to the front thrusters and will occupy the front lower section of the fuselage. The rear tank will supply air to the rear thrusters. The passenger cabin will be at the front top and the cargo bay will be at the middle bottom section of the plane.

Liquid Air Plane

As I am studying the possibilities of liquid air, I thought of a liquid air powered VTOL plane. The goal is to come up with an alternative to electric powered planes. It wouldn’t be a replacement for the conventional plane for long distances.

The plane would have a narrow body (4 seats per row) and long tubular form. It would have two wings in the front and 2 wings at its back. This would allow more even lifting of the body and reduce the weight of each wing section. Long design due to narrow body would increase the distance between the wings to reduce turbulence at the back wings. Each wing section would accommodate four gas propulsion engines. The liquified air when evaporates expends 700 times of its initial volume. Unlike rockets that travel in vacuum, the lift generated by multiple wings would reduce plane’s thrust requirement during cruise. Only during takeoff and landing the gas consumption would be very high. Another advantage of the liquified air propulsion is the consumption of air which reduces the weight of the plane during cruise, this is not the case with battery powered planes.

Each wing section of the plane will have three stacked wings to increase the lift. The wings would have much thinner profile compared to turbofan plane wings. This would result in same drag but three times more lift. Only the sections connected to the body of the plane would have thicker profile because they would be carrying the plane. The gas propulsion engines would be attached close to the body of the plane to reduce the weight of the wings and reduce tension on the wings. The exhaust temperature would be the same as the ambient temperature. This would allow close placement of the engines and reduce the weight and cost of the engine.

The wings including the engines will rotate ninety degrees to allow VTOL. The wings will be rotated using the pressurized air. Therefore, no need for bulky motors and power electronics. This rotatability will also negate the need for ailerons, flaps and spoilers. There would be no mechanical parts on the wings beyond the engine section which allows them to be made thinner and lighter.  The vertical support of the stacked wings will also negate the need for vertical stabilizers. There would be no rudder as well. The tail section will have an exhaust vent that has wind turbine inside. This will generate the electricity for the plane. The fast response of this design will reduce the need for bulky batteries as well.

Almost silent propulsion of this plane would allow it to fly at much lower altitudes than the conventional planes. Allowing higher temperature difference between the liquid and the ambient air. The lift of air would also be high at lower altitudes, but the drag would also be high. More importantly this plane compared to electric planes requires no batteries, no brushless motors and power electronics that have exported materials in them. They would be simply build from a high-grade aluminum alloy.

Le Professionnel

"Le Professionnel" (1981) is my favorite movie. It may not be cinematic like "Les Enfants du Paradis" or "M", but it has a special place in my heart. It is the first Jean Paul Belmondo movie I have ever watched. I had watched it dubbed in Turkish while it was still newly released. The movie is one of the reasons I became a Belmondo fan. From the begging till the end, it attracts your attention because it is based on award-winning 1976 novel "Death of a Thin-Skinned Animal" by Patrick Alexander and directed by Georges Lautner. Additionally, it has a perfect ending for a European Cinema. Hollywood wouldn't have such an ending.

The supporting actors of the movie are also familiar faces. Especially Robert Hossein. The soundtrack of the movie was composed and directed by Ennio Morricone. The famous tune "Chi Mai" was composed for the movie "Maddalena" (1971). Belmondo heard this tune on the radio and wanted to use it on his movies. Morricone composed the remaining of the soundtrack based on this tune. The soundtrack of "Le Professionnel" is my favorite among all soundtracks. I had once concluded that great movies also have great soundtracks. The soundtrack is also special while I have it on cassette presented to me on my birthday by my best friend.

Trailer

Liquid Air

I had previously stated my ideas on “Robotic Highway”, “Wind Farm Construction Using VTOL Bases” and “The World Autonomous Air Cargo Way”. They all required autonomous robots recharging their batteries from wind turbines. There is a very big problem with this idea. That is the battery and to a certain extend electric motors and power electronics. In terms of energy storage capacity; nuclear has the highest energy density, then comes the chemical energy (combustion), then comes the phase change and the least dense is the battery.

After making some research, I found out that liquified air is the most advantageous energy storage system for autonomous robots. At the moment everybody is focused on the replacement for gasoline or the levelling of renewable power generation. Liquid air may not be a perfect solution for them. However, it is a perfect energy storage solution for autonomous robots. Here are some of the advantages:

- It has higher energy density then current batteries.

- It doesn’t require exported chemicals like batteries.

- Liquid air tanks have much longer lifecycle than the batteries which pose environmental hazard at the end of their economic life. Recycling them is also expensive and non-environment friendly (chemicals and energy used in the process).

- Liquid air can be directly converted to mechanical work. On the other hand, fuel cells require bulky and expensive fuel cells and then electric motors to convert the energy stored in a fuel to mechanical work. Combustion engines have a clear win there however fuel is an exported commodity and needs to be transported to the consumption site.

- Liquid air can be directly produced by the wind turbines using mostly mechanical parts (no electric motors). The air compressor and the chiller can be directly driven by the wind power. Negating the need for expensive electric motors for generation and compression. Additionally, negating the need for exported expensive power electronics to control the motors. The process would still require some electric, but it would be for low power electronics.

- The wind concentrator design I had proposed earlier, would be an ideal liquid air generator. The concentrated wind at the bottom would directly drive the air compressor and the chiller. The air leaving the turbine would be used to cool the compressors without a need for cooler fans.

- The liquid air would decrease the cost of the robots as well by reducing the need for expensive electric motors and their control electronics. The liquid air powered engines would be used to do the mechanical work.

- Autonomous flying bots would also benefit from the simple liquid air powered gas propulsion system. This would generate more thrust than the electric propeller powered drones. This is important during takeoff and landing. Additionally, liquid air is consumable. Therefore, the plane would lose weight as it flies unlike the battery powered drones that have constant weight of batteries.

Masterpieces

I like watching old movies. After watching them, I rate and archive them. I don’t like spoilers or trailers and don’t watch them before I watch a movie. I rate them between 6 to 9 to be able to sort them inside a folder.

When I started watching Marcel Carné's “Les Enfants du Paradis” (1945) I was attracted from the first minute. I like Mime and Mime is a core component of the movie. As I watched further, I scored it at least 8. As time progressed the rating raised to 9 and then at one point, I recognized that it is way beyond the other movies I had watched. It was 10 out of 9 afterwards.

In movies there are distinct characters and supporting roles that are faint. With “Les Enfants du Paradis” almost all characters are well defined. One reason for that, they were based on real people. The movie is so flawless you don’t recognize how 3 hours passes. I watched it many times. Even though the movie is divided into two equal sections, the second section passes much faster. I had watched Marcel Carné’s previous works “Drôle de drame”, “Le Quai des brumes” and “Hôtel du Nord”. They were also very well directed and had many familiar faces. “Les Enfants du Paradis” was filmed during Occupied France. I guess hard times sometimes yield masterpieces.

My second masterpiece is Friedrich Christian Anton Lang’s “M” (1931). I don’t like serial killers, but this movie tells the story in so soft tone compared to today’s extreme exaggeration of blood and terror. I decided to watch "M" after watching Robert Hossein's "Le vampire de Düsseldorf". Both movies were based on real serial killers lived in 1930s. "M" was filmed while such people were still murdering. It deserves to be a masterpiece while it is incomparable to the movies of its era. Even though it's a thriller, its tone is way below Hitchcock's and others. Fritz Lang's way of telling the story is way ahead of his time. While watching the movie you should consider that. I gave this movie a rating of 9.5 out of 9.

Michelangelo Antonioni

The first movie I watched that was directed by Antonioni was "L'Eclisse". I had watched it because Alain Delon was playing in the movie. I was attracted to Antonioni's style of directing from the very first minute, the long opening scene with the fan blowing in the room. And the movie concluded with a long take of empty streets. I simply loved it, just because of this style some US directors criticized him. That’s one of the reasons I prefer French and Italian cinema over Hollywood.

Then I watched the remaining of the trilogy from the beginning, “L'Avventura” and “La Notte”. With every movie the taste I received increased. The most I loved being “L'Eclisse”.

Later I watched his first color film “Il Deserto Rosso”. In all those movies Monica Vitti just played perfect with her beauty.

Finally, I watched “Blowup”. It was unbelievable. Unlike his other movies, even Hollywood fans would love this one. It’s in English also. I love Mime and the final scene just stole my heart.

I watched Antonioni’s movies after watching so many 1960s era black and white European movies. In order to appreciate his style, you should watch other movies of that era first. If you directly jump from present-day Hollywood movies and Netflix series, you wouldn’t understand Antonioni’s movies and would be wasting your time. It’s like a PhD level course. If you don't pass from the prerequisites, you wouldn't understand it.

Steam Turbine Upcycling

The spherical wind concentrator design creates many opportunities. One of them is the flexibility of the electric generator section. The electric generator is placed on the ground of the concentrated wind turbine. Therefore, unlike the traditional wind turbines the generator section can be bigger and heavier.

Higher power output of the concentrated wind turbines will reduce the demand for electric generated by steam powered plants, coal and nuclear. Therefore, some of these plants will be shut down. When the wind is concentrated in a special way on the concentrated wind power plants, some sections of the steam turbines can be utilized on the new plant. The turbines and the electric generators are the most expensive parts within a power plant. Upcycling these parts would reduce the wind power plants installation cost. Additionally, reduce the demolition waste of the old power plant.

Fabergé of Wind

I had previously proposed offshore wind turbines with wind concentrators. Concentrating the wind has many benefits. The wind captured at higher altitude accelerates as it is directed downward due to air getting warmer at lower altitudes. Heat accelerates the air molecules. Additionally, like an avalanche effect the winds at different altitudes accumulate as they are pulled downward by the concentrator. Ideally, the concentrator should be concave. Therefore, sphere is an ideal shape for the concentrator which has the strongest structural strength. I had previously proposed tightened or loosened fabrics to concentrate the wind. This is technically not ideal because the fabric would get torn while flying freely with the wind. Instead, fabrics can be rolled and unrolled like in roller blinds. Each roller section would be controlled on the ground by cables. As the wind direction changes, different sections of the sphere would be closed to capture the wind. Therefore, no need for a wind synchronous giant rotating mechanism.

Such design has the benefit of generating almost constant electricity by adjusting the concentrator sections. Which is not possible with classical wind turbines. The giant electric generator would be placed on the ground which would reduce the installment and servicing costs. Additionally, very high powers can be generated without need for erecting extremely tall towers. Finally, the turbine would be much silent and can be placed close to a city center where the power is consumed.

A single giant sphere has the potential to power the whole city. In order to turn this giant sphere into a city symbol, I propose the frames and the fabrics to be painted. Just get inspiration by Fabergé Imperial Eggs.

Fort Boyard

I am not a fan of watching game shows on TV. However, "Les Clés de Fort Boyard" has a different place on my heart. I had first watched it on TV5 in 1990s. Even though it was in French, I have no French, I still watched it and let my father watch it as well. I remember the show with Patrice Laffont and André Bouchet. This is a very creative game show still broadcast today (1990 - Present).

Many years later I watched a wonderful movie, "Les Aventuriers" starring Alain Delon, Lino Ventura, and Joanna Shimkus. The final scene was shot in Fort Boyard. The movie soundtrack is also amazing composed by François de Roubaix. The composer unfortunately died young during diving. It’s an interesting coincidence while the movie has nice diving scenes as well. You can listen to the soundtrack. “Laetitia” is performed by Alain Delon.

Offshore Manufacturing

I had previously mentioned my local manufacturing motto. This can be extend to offshore manufacturing as well. In my previous article, I had proposed wind concentrators to harvest maximum wind power from offshore wind farms. The design required carbon fiber fabric wind concentrators and strong poles. All these parts can be manufactured on the sea using floating factories.

The first step on this type of manufacturing is the installment of underwater power line from the land to the offshore wind farm. Then, the manufacturing ship will plug itself to this power line. The ship should utilize electric motors for propulsion which are powered by diesel electric generators while cruising and powered by the electric from the land on the offshore building site. The power drawn by the ship will be used to stabilize the ships position and power the production line built inside the ship. The windfarm will be built in sections. The first section will be manufactured using the electric supplied by the land, but the successive sections will be manufactured using the wind turbines installed on site.

The overall objective of this idea is to lower the cost of manufacturing high power demanding infrastructure using the power generated by the very same infrastructure. Manufacture and build where the demand is.

I propose carbon nanotube fibers to be used on the wind farm. Their raw material is very cheap but they demand high power during manufacturing. Which is not a problem for a wind farm. Here is an example of a Continuously processing waste lignin into high-value carbon nanotube fibers.

The very tall poles can be manufactured offshore using robot boats with gimbled holders. They would hold the pole straight without requiring a very long ship. As a result, much longer poles can be manufactured in one piece on site. Such things are not possible on land. The sea offers great opportunities if you think over.

Great Wall of Wind

Offshore wind farms have great potential to generate electric. However, traditional horizontal wind turbines are difficult to scale and install on deep water. I would like to propose a scalable design to harvest maximum energy from the offshore wind.

The idea is to build a wall of wind concentrators. Carbon fiber fabric would be ideal to concentrate the wind. These fabrics will be attached to curved poles in sections. There will be two opposing poles to strengthen the poles to form a circular shape. This will also allow two directional wind concentration; sea to land and land to sea winds.

The electric generators with optimal blades will be placed parallel to the sea surface. The upper altitude wind will be concentrated towards the ground to allow such design. Additionally, this will allow easy installation and serviceability.

The poles will only need to withstand the wind and they will not need to carry heavy weight like the towers of horizontal wind turbines. The light weight carbon fiber fabric will be tighten or loosened by carbon nanotube cables. If the wind speed is too high the cables will be loosened to lower the stress on the poles. The fabrics will be in sections which will allow dynamic wind concentration. If the wind is strong, only lower sections will be tightened and upper sections will flow freely. This dynamic concentration ability will allow almost constant wind speed on the electric generators. Hence almost constant electric generation.

This much simpler design can be scaled up easily and reach much higher heights to harvest more wind energy. Additionally, they can be extended side by side to form a kind of wall to minimize the area occupied on the sea. Finally, this wall would reduce the wind speed hitting the land during hurricane times. Hence reducing the natural disaster damage on the cost.